Achieving the wealth you desire can be surprisingly easy; you just need to have a solid plan and follow through. Problems arise because people tend to be unorganized, unmotivated, or simply lack the intense desire to do whatever it takes to achieve supreme wealth. If you work on developing a good plan and you have the enthusiasm to succeed, you’ll soon find that nothing can hold you back from the wealth you deserve. Follow through with these action steps to get to your destination:

  1. Figure out what you want. It doesn’t matter how organized or motivated you are, if you don’t know what you want you’ll never achieve supreme wealth. Just wanting to be wealthy is not enough; you need to have a solid plan in place.
  • Playing the lotto or other shot in the pan strategies will rarely get you where you want to go. Instead, focus on a true means of making money.
  • If you have money to start out with, research investments that can put your money to work for you.
  • If you’re starting from scratch, look into starting your own business. Don’t be scared if you lack business skills at first. There’s always room for people to work from the ground up.
  • Remember that such a grand journey will take time. Few people can achieve wealth overnight.
  • Another question to ponder is: How much money do you want to be making? This will depend on your definition of supreme wealth. Do you want a 6-figure passive income stream or are you looking to make the richest people in the world list? In either situation, you have to start with smaller goals. As you reach each goal you’ll find that it’s easier and easier to scale up.
  1. Get organized. Once you’ve figured out how you’re going to become wealthy, it’s time to organize yourself. In order to get there in the shortest time possible, you have to strategize.
  • If you’re working with others, make a list of how many people are involved and their various job functions.
  • No matter how many steps it’s going to take you to reach your end goal, write down each individual step. Give yourself a timeline for your goals and cross off each task as you complete it.
  1. Take action. This is where many people find themselves stuck. You’re now beyond the idea and planning phase, and it’s time to get to work. If you have your days properly planned out, then you’ll know exactly what you should be doing.
  • Fight the urge to procrastinate.
  • Establish a day-to-day routine that takes you forward. Once you’re used to the work that you’re doing, it won’t be as hard to continue doing it.
  • Remember that the beginning is most often the hardest part. If you can survive the initial plunge towards success, you can prove to yourself that you can get all the way there.
  1. Maintain motivation. Having the motivation to continue is huge. Most people who make it to the action phase start taking action, but stop when they don’t experience immediate results. Do everything in your power to maintain your drive to succeed.

When you have a grand goal, it can be tempting to give up and claim that you’re goal was impossible in the first place. However, there are plenty of people in the world who are living proof that you are rewarded when you work hard and smart. Use these strategies to help you work hard and smart and the journey to supreme wealth won’t be as long as you thought.

 

People management skills are important in all walks of life. Whether you’re rich or poor, employed or unemployed, a corporate CEO or a plumber, strengthening these skills can help you live the life you desire.

Imagine how much easier life would be if people heeded your every wish! Your kids would be willing to do their chores, your spouse would do some of your chores, and your business life would soar to new heights! Surprisingly, strong people management skills can make all this possible.

Even if you feel like you currently have none, you can gain these people skills by becoming familiar with some basic psychology and then putting this knowledge to work for you.

We all share some basic desires. We all have many of the same wants and needs. When you meet these needs of others, people tend to be very easy to get along with. With patience, practice, and a willingness to understand people, you can develop strong people management skills.

Here are some good techniques for strengthening your people management skills:

1. Put yourself in their shoes. If you had their position, would you like yourself as a manager? Great managers know what people are thinking and feeling. They’re quick to pick up on things and work hard to solve problems among their team. Ask yourself if you’re willing to do the same.

2. Show gratitude and appreciation. You might feel appreciative of your team, but without action they’ll never know it. Always be on the lookout for new and exciting ways to show these emotions.

  • Remember to say “Thank you” when others do something nice for you. People love to be appreciated and a sincere “Thank you” makes them feel good! They tend to want to please you even more when they know you appreciate what they do.

  • Show your appreciation by doing special things for others that you know they’ll appreciate.

3. Give sincere compliments. Think about what you really like about your team and point these things out as regular compliments. If you’re sincere, chances are that the recipient will sense your genuine appreciation.

4. Treat others with respect. Strive to always treat people with respect, no matter what their stance in life. Treat them the way you’d like to be treated. This shows character and strength, both of which are characteristics of someone with superior people skills.

5. Delegate appropriately. When you delegate the right tasks to the right people, everyone gets a chance to excel and the team works together at its best. This raises the morale of the people around you and motivates them to do a good job.

6. Be honest. Honesty is always the best policy. If you’ve ever been caught in a lie, you know how quickly you can lose someone’s trust. Earning and maintaining trust is an important people management skill. When others trust you, they believe in you, and your opinions mean more to them.

7. Listen attentively. Listening is fifty percent of communication. Truly listen to what it is that people are telling you. Make an effort to understand their point of view, even if you don’t agree with it. When they know you consider their feelings as important, you’ve already won half the battle.

Practice these strategies each day in your communications with others, and one day soon you’ll find that more and more people agree with you!

 

At first thought you might be tempted to think that a recession is the worst possible time to start a business. This certainly isn’t the case! Some very profitable businesses were launched during times of recession because they took advantage of some key factors.

With some smart and creative thinking, you can have your business launched in no time. If you have a clear plan, you can make this happen regardless of the state of the economy.

These tips can help you take advantage of the recession to get your business off to a great start:

1. Start up costs can be lower. It’s less expensive to start a business during a recession than at other times. This is because other businesses are offering deals left and right. You might be able to get lower advertising rates as well as deals on supplies, inventory, services, and more.

2. Take advantage of advertising. In addition to lower ad costs, you may also find that competitors have their guard down. They may be counting on the fact that there aren’t any new competitors, or maybe their financial situations warrant them cutting out advertising altogether. This leaves their customers ripe for snatching.

3. Provide excellent customer service. Excellent customer service matters. Between two businesses, with all things equal, the company with the better customer service always wins. After all, people always desire to be treated well.

  • In a recession, it’s possible that your competition has cut back on their customer service efforts. This gives you the opportunity to come in with top-notch service.

4. Offer bonuses. In a recession, people are more likely to pay serious attention to the businesses that are giving greater offers. You can open your new business with a bang by beating out your competitors with an excellent deal.

5. Excellent employees. During a time of recession, you may find some excellent candidates when it comes time to do your hiring. Because of other companies’ downsizing, you can snatch up some appreciative and loyal people that are knowledgeable and well qualified.

6. Getting a head start. When you start your business during a recession, you’ll get a good head start over other businesses that may be waiting for a “better” time to launch. This means that by the time they do launch, you’ll be that much further ahead of the game.

7. Be frugal. Starting in times of recession forces you to be frugal about your business activities. Because of the recession, you’ll make it a point to search for the best prices and the most efficient ways of conducting business.

  • You may do it this way simply because you have to, but in the long run, you’ll learn a very important lesson that can enable you to run a profitable business for years to come.

If you can launch and operate a successful business during a recession, just think of what you can accomplish once the economy booms again! Instead of waiting for the “right” time, take action today.

 

“Customer Service? I don’t need to worry about that – I’m in Human Resources!” I overheard someone say this at a recent HR steering committee meeting I attended. The group was discussing customer service and how every employee from the ground up is an ambassador for the company. Happily offering up friendly and genuine customer service is important, especially in this critical time where competition is great and those companies that go above and beyond will rise. And isn’t that a constant truth we find weaved throughout our lives?

When you hear the term customer service, do you immediately think of the HR person at your company? Probably not. Maybe you think of the “face” people like the receptionist or sales force. Do this exercise the next time you handle a telephone call at work – conjure up a great big smile (even if you don’t feel like it) and then take the call, smiling the whole time. Then on another call, do not smile at all. Note differences in how the issues on the call were resolved and how you felt on the other end of the line each time. Chances are you had a better result when you smiled on the phone, and even though the other person cannot see your smile, they will certainly pick up on it in your inflection and tone.

Taking HR to a new, more positive direction is critical for your company. Your employees will talk positively about your organization if they feel they are being treated with kindness and respect. Research has shown that if a customer hears just one negative comment, it would take 10-12 positive comments to bring them back to ground zero, and then some to gain positive ground. Your employees are out there saying things about your company. What are they saying?

There are many things you can do to offer great customer service in the field of HR. First, you need to genuinely believe that everyone you deal with during the course of a day is your “client” and you are there to serve them as best you can. Employees get nervous when dealing with HR because of the negative reputation that HR has amassed over many years. Responding with a kind email to each employee as quickly as you can will assure them that the company cares. They see you as the company because typically you are the first one they see when the come in the door, the last face they see when they end their employment and everything in between.

And remember, a small shift in attitude can result in enormous benefit to you and your organization – and it’s free. What can you do today to offer great customer service?

Ann Wolf is a Human Resources Strategist for PRISM Consulting Services located in the greater Cincinnati area. Ann also manages the day-to-day operations of Human Resources for PRISM Title including personnel issues, recruiting and on-boarding new employees, benefit administration, payroll, quality assurance and all of those other “little” things too numerous to mention for 55 employees. I have ten years of prior legal and administrative experience. Along the way, I’ve adopted tried and true methods to maintain organization and productivity so that nothing ever gets dropped. Let me show you how you can set up your HR department and never miss a beat, all the while staying on top of important information and looking good while doing so! Visit http://www.PRISMsuccess.com and http://www.PRISMclosings.com.

 

One of the key steps to having impactful talent management and development solutions is to ensure that the talent within the organization is aware of what is being done to manage and develop them; as well, it is vital that company leaders are aware of the employee’s individual career aspirations. This can be accomplished through a Career Aspiration discussion. This should be a formal and focused conversation that occurs between a leader and an employee that centers on the employee’s career aspirations as well as the potential growth that is available for that employee within the organization.

In order to make this conversation most productive and impactful, there are some key questions that leaders should ask the employee as well as ask themselves. To prepare for the conversation, leaders should first pose the following questions to themselves and be prepared to share this information with the employee during the conversation.

1. What do I see as this individual’s ultimate potential?

The response should focus on the highest level that you, the leader, believes they can reach inside the company and the indicators (drive, willingness, performance) that you have seen which demonstrate that they can get there.

2. What do I think they need to do to get there?

This response should focus on the additional training (perhaps leadership training or specific skills training) or development (maybe an expanded leadership role or a role in a different function inside the company) that they will need to reach this ultimate potential.

3. What do I feel are their key strengths?

This answer should highlight the strengths that they bring to the table and should continue to leverage as they grow their career.

4. What do I know are their immediate key developmental needs?

This response is about the shorter-term development goals as opposed to what was referred to in question 2. This might be something like “needs additional senior level exposure” so others inside the company get to know this individual, or “needs presentation skills training”.

5. What do I see as this person’s next assignment?

The response here should focus on realistic next assignment and the timing with which it is likely to happen.

When sitting down with the employee to have the conversation, it should be time that is uninterrupted and set-aside specifically for that person. It is important for the conversation to be interactive so as leaders pose questions to their employees, they should refer to their own self-questions and interject their thoughts throughout the discussion to keep it interactive.

The following questions are recommended to ask employees during the discussion.

Questions for employee:

1. What are your short-term career aspirations? (I.e., next assignment: 2-5 years)

2. What are your longer-term career aspirations? (I.e., ultimate career goal – level of position)

3. Do you know what it takes to get there?

4. Are you willing to do what it takes to reach that position?

5. What do you feel are your key strengths?

6. What do your feel are your key development areas?

7. What steps and actions are you willing to take in the next 12 months to grow in these areas?

8. What would you like to do as a next assignment?

These conversations should be documented and conducted on an annual basis, at a minimum. Some organizations conduct them with employees every six months, which is also effective however, annually is the minimum recommendation. Conducting these discussions is a vital step in ensuring that organizations have impactful talent management and development practices in place. Career aspiration discussions not only let employees know where they stand but gives them a say in their development; as well, it ensures that leaders are differentiating their resources and appropriately developing the employees who have the strongest desire and potential to reach the most senior level positions in the company. It also enables the appropriate development of those who prefer not to excel to the highest levels but are the true technical subject matter experts. Developing the talent in a differentiated manner gives companies the best return on their dollar.

Next article topic: Key Steps to Conducting Effective Feedback Discussions.

Andria Corso who has over 15 years experience as an Executive Coach and Human Resources leader. She works with clients to develop leadership skills and talent strategies that align with business strategy and drive results. For more information on Andria and how her skills can support you or your organization, visit http://www.andriacorso.com

 

Successful proposal writing requires you to make your proposals attractive as well as informative. Your proposal needs to offer your clients a sample of what their world will look like and feel like when they select you for their project.

You can make your proposals more attractive in at least three ways.

AVOID THE “WAR AND PEACE” PROPOSAL

Don’t force your clients to dread reviewing your proposals because they conjure up images of reading “War and Peace.”

Use the proper mix of graphics, fonts, photos, headers, bullets, and paragraphs that immediately proves to the clients that your proposal will be pleasing to the eye and not a burden on their brain.

FLATTERY WILL GET YOU MORE BUSINESS THAN BRAGGING

Attractive also means the readers will be drawn into your proposal because it addresses their stated wants, needs, desires, goals, budgets and timetables. Flatter your clients by making them the Number One consideration in the proposal, not the great things your products or services have done for others.

Your clients will be attracted to the proposal because it fits their situation, not your capabilities and past successes.

AIM FOR THE HEART AND THE HEAD

Your proposals become more attractive when they appeal to your clients emotionally and logically.

It appeals to their emotions because they appreciate something created to solve their problem, fix their pain, or vault them into a productive, prominent, and profitable position.

It appeals to their logic because they recognize the value your solution delivers to them. Your solution may not be the lowest price but the value your solution brings far exceeds any cost considerations.

Attract more business; attract more profits; make your proposals attractive to your clients.

Thus, editing and evaluating your proposals should be come a critical step in your proposal creation process. For your FREE instant access to an offer to evaluate up to 20 pages of your next non-government proposal, please visit: http://www.proposalwritingsuccess.com

 

There are many advantages to both supervisors and employees in having an effective performance planning and review process. The process should identify clearly what is expected of the employee, which in turn provides the opportunity to recognize good performance and identify areas that need corrective action or added training.

Four areas that must be identified in a performance plan are:

1. Job responsibility – what has to be done?

2. Performance measure – how will this be checked or measured?

3. Performance standard – how well must it be done?

4. Target date – when will it be checked?

When building a performance plan, you would obtain information in these areas from the job description and you would also look to the organization needs to clarify which duties have priority and the standard they must be performed to. An effective performance plan should outline results expected, performance measures, standards to be achieved and target dates for measurement.

Performance plans are usually prepared at the beginning of annual review period, or when an employee first starts their new job. Preparing for the initial planning meeting should be undertaken by both the supervisor and the employee. Both supervisor and employee should be reviewing the goals, objectives and needs of the work unit and looking at the current job description. The supervisor should list the things in the job that they intend to measure, and the standards you will measure to. The employee could write down the ways they think each of their tasks could be measured and how well each should be performed.

Performance objectives and results to be achieved should be focused on results and set in order of priority. Measures should be specific to each task, with clear standards which include dates and times when appropriate.

The next step in the process is providing regular feedback. The supervisor should be maintaining a log of performance facts, which will ensure that important issues are given the attention that is required and will help the formal review proceed in a more focused and potentially more positive way. The employee should also maintain a record of accomplishments and special achievements, or issues that need to be resolved. Discussion of these things during scheduled or spontaneous feedback sessions will allow resolution of problems in a timely manner.

Reviewing performance gives the supervisor and the employee the opportunity to look at results that have been achieved in relation to the original plan and standards of performance that were established. At this meeting, you should review all performance records and assess each task, discussing whether they met the standards of performance or not, and whether they exceed those standards. Review any outside factors that may have had an effect on performance. At this time, the supervisor should be identifying any areas where improvement may be necessary or performance could be enhanced. The employee should also have the opportunity to discuss areas where they could have used more help.

Another important aspect to completing this cycle is action planning. This is where the supervisor and employee would plan for any training that needs to occur, and could also be where you discuss career planning.

The completion of this cycle should illustrate to us that a positive atmosphere of working together is beneficial to both the work organization, the supervisor and the employee.

Diane Ruth Mackay has worked in the human resource field for most of her career and is specifically interested in career planning, career development and helping people reach their full potential.

 

Imagine…you’ve just managed to save the training budget for this year. Although it’s been cut 25%, you were able to convince your boss of the need to maintain training, especially in economically challenging times. Now, working with 25% less, you have to implement training to address the concerns of several departments: Jennie, the customer service manager, wants her 25 reps trained; Bob, the IT manager, wants IT training for his department; Clarise, the administrative manager, says her support staff desperately need email business writing help. How can you service Jennie, Bob, and Clarise? What can you do to meet everyone’s needs on a limited budget?

The scenario mentioned above is all too real in today’s workplace, but with some creativity and a good training company willing to work with you, you can pull it off. Here’s how.

Assess the specific training needs of each manager; in our case: Jennie, Bob, and Clarise. Use this fact-finding assessment to identify the specific job performance skills each manager wants addressed. For example, it’s not good enough for Jennie to simply state, “My people need customer service training.” What kind of customer service training? What kind of skills do they already have? What are Jennie’s performance objectives for her department? What kind of training have they had in the past?

Assign a category to the training needed. Can it be provided on an informal or formal basis? Can you use an in-house trainer–someone from the department with that skill set, or will you need an outside trainer? Can you provide any part or all of the training online?

Address the cost involved to provide the training. For example, once you have determined that providing Jennie’s customer service training is most cost-effective utilizing web-based training, figure out what it will cost per employee. While conducting your research keep in mind that a reputable company should:

  • Charge no more than $25 per employee
  • Charge on a monthly basis (allowing you to stop and start on-line training at your discretion)
  • Be able to build or customize training content to meet your on-going and ever changing needs

Further, let’s assume that you’ve determined Clarise’s e-mail training request would benefit all three departments. In this case, you want to bring in a trainer, and you want to stagger the training days to enable all employees to attend. Negotiate with the training company to give you a full day of training split over two days for one price. For instance, if the company charges $3,500 for up to 40 employees, get the company to come in two half days. This option allows you to send 20 people to training one day and 20 the next day. Let’s not forget Bob, the IT manager. You find out from Bob who are his brightest team members and suggest using them to teach their other team members. Perhaps Bob feels uncomfortable with that solution, so you suggest he send one or two of his brightest and best to an outside training session then come back and teach the rest of the group. This option will keep your training costs down and morale up because Bob’s employees can now see a way to increase their value to the company and to themselves. Others on Bob’s team benefit from learning from co-workers, and they, too, see the company in a favorable light — one still willing to invest in their employees!

Analyze/Action involves analyzing all possible solutions and then taking action. So, let’s wrap this up and see how you’ve met everyone’s needs on your limited training budget:

  • Web-based Customer Service training for Jennie’s 25 reps totals $4,000: One-time set-up fee for unlimited monthly web access: $1,500 (This is an average. Some companies may charge up to $2,500). $25 per employee per month fee to access web-based training ($25 x 25 = $625). Jennie’s reps need three months ($625 x 4 = $2,500)
  • On-site E-Mail/Business Writing training for Clarise’s team is $3,500: Two four-hour training sessions for 40 employees, which happens to include Clarise’s team, Bob’s team, and Jennie’s team
  • Outside training session for Bob’s two employees who will, in turn, come back and teach/train their colleagues is $1,118: One day of training @ $399 for two employees = $798; paid time off for two employees @ $20/hour for 8 hours = $320

Summary: For $8,618, you’ve given each manager the training they’ve requested to grow their departments, increased the overall value of the organization to your customers, and… you have $1,382 left over for pizza! Remember, with a little creativity, the right training company, and a willingness to look at different options, you can assist each department in meeting their training needs!

Happy Training!

Dr. Angela D. Massey, an international motivational speaker, corporate trainer, and author is the owner of Life On Purpose LLC. She is the author and self-publisher of “Going the Distance – Success Strategies for Online Students” and “Turbo Charge Your Team!” She can be reached at http://www.lifeonpurposellc.com

 

Surely we all agree that having a savings account is important. What’s hard, however, is putting that concept into practice. It’s difficult to add to a savings account when you find yourself living paycheck to paycheck like many people find themselves having to do these days.

The good news is that even the smallest of contributions can have big impacts on the future of your account. There are certain things you can do to add to your account without it being a burden.

Try these tips to effortlessly boost your savings:

1. Small Automatic Deposits. Chances are you need all or most of your paycheck each period. However, you can save a small portion of this amount by having it automatically deposited into your savings account. Most banks will allow you to set up automatic transfers. Each time your paycheck is due in, schedule a transfer to savings.

  • Even if this amount is $5, it will add up over time.

2. Pay With Cash. When you pay for your essentials with cash, you’re really seeing the exact amounts of money you’re spending as the money changes hands. Then drop the change from these transactions into a jar when you get home. Before you know it, you’ll be depositing large amounts of change into your savings account with little effort!

3. Credit Card Round Up. Some credit cards, such as one by Bank of America, will actually round up each of your purchases for you to the nearest dollar amount. The rounded amount will be automatically deposited into your savings account. Getting one of these card accounts could make adding to your savings account easier on you.

4. Add Up Your Charges. One month, add up everything you spend. It doesn’t matter how you’ve made the purchases­ – cash, credit, debit, etc. In analyzing these expenses you’ll likely find some recurring expenses that can go. Perhaps there’s something you could live without. That small expense will pay you back in the future if you add it to your savings instead.

5. Avoid Impulse Buys. Everyone has fallen victim to an impulse buy at some point. Make a pact with yourself that you’ll never make them again. Instead, when you feel the need to get something, give yourself a 24-hour cooling off period.

  • If you still feel that you must have it after that time, go ahead and spend the money. If you’ve thought it over and you don’t need it, perhaps that money is better spent going directly into your savings account.

6. Avoid Credit Card Use. If you have trouble paying off your credit cards in full each month, stop using your cards. Switch over to cash and debit card use and slowly pay down the balance on your credit card.

  • As your balances are paid off, the money you used to pay in interest to the credit card companies can be better spent in your savings account.

7. Reduce Everyday Expenses. Do an evaluation of your required expenses such as internet, phone, and grocery bills. See if there are any ways to reduce these bills.

  • For instance, maybe you could easily switch to a lower cost phone plan or start clipping coupons at the grocery store.

  • If you could find an extra $50 in your budget this way, you can greatly improve the look of your savings account!

While you don’t need to implement all of these changes at once, you should now have a better idea of the many ways you can add to savings. Just remember that even a few cents can go a long way!

Technorati tags: <a rel=”tag” href=”http://technorati.com/tag/money matters”>money matters</a>, <a rel=”tag” href=”http://technorati.com/tag/savings”>savings</a>

 

Effective communication is one of the keys to success, and when you’re good at it, people notice.

Most people think that strengthening communication skills involves developing persuasive speech and conversational skills, but what you may not realize is just how important effective listening can be.

Without an effective listener, none of your conversational skills would matter. This is because your points – no matter how clear – still wouldn’t be heard or understood.

Remember that listening is a full 50% of the communication effort so it’s worth your time to develop this precious skill, too.

Here are some techniques you can use to build your listening skills:

1. Fight the urge to speak. Sometimes when you’re engaged in a heated conversation, you start to concentrate on what you’re going to say next. You may even be tempted to open your mouth before the other person is finished. Make the extra effort to keep your lips sealed until they’re through talking.

· While they’re speaking, don’t worry about what you’re going to say or how you’re going to say it. Instead, focus on the words and body language of the other person.

2. Look interested. Your nonverbal communication skills are important while you’re listening. If you’re looking disinterested and uncaring, the person trying to communicate with you will likely pick up on these subtle hints. They may be flustered or less likely to share their thoughts. Makes sense, right?

· Engage with the person talking. Make eye contact and nod your head or smile. Let your conversation partner know that their points are coming across to you.

3. Repeat the highlights. One way to literally tell your conversation partner that they’re effectively communicating is to simply restate their points. You can repeat key phrases in an affirming tone. You can even give them a quick summary of what they just said in your own words.

· Avoid sharing your opinions when repeating their concepts or ideas. At this point, you simply want to communicate that you’ve completely understood their meaning.

4. Ask questions. Don’t be afraid to ask your conversation partner to elaborate on what they’re saying. If you need further information, then ask for it. The important thing is that you understand what they’re trying to get across.

5. Be patient. It’s also important to maintain patience, especially when working with people who may be shy or may not have the ability to communicate very well. If you’re not patient, you may end the conversation prematurely or scare off your conversation partner.

6. Follow your partner’s lead. Being an effective listener doesn’t mean that your only job is to listen. You can certainly add to the conversation, too. At the same time, you don’t want to overpower the conversation. Add your input when they ask for it or when they’ve finished their point.

Remember that practice makes perfect. After you’ve had an important conversation, ask yourself what you remember from the conversation. Write down the details if necessary. Did you allow the other person to do most of the talking?

When you fight the urge to dominate conversations, you’ll be able to truly hear what people have to say!

Technorati tags: ,